The cement industry has seen a drastic growth in recent years due to increasing demand for cement, from industrial activities, real estate business, construction and continued government investment in the infrastructure sector.
CEMENT:
In simple terms, cement is a binder that adheres different materials together and hardens autonomously. It refers as a basic ingredient in the Construction Industry.
Procedure:
Cement is produced from limestone, shell, clay mined out of a quarry close to the plant. The raw material is crushed, and then heated at temperature in excess of 1000 ºC in rotating kiln to convert it into clinker and then the clinker is blended with gypsum and ground to a fine powder to get final grade of cement.
Almost all cement consignments go to ready-mix concrete operators and the remaining are sent to manufacturers of concrete related products, contractors, materials dealers, oil well/mining/drilling companies, as well as government bodies.
TYPES: In construction, cement is differentiated as hydraulic or non-hydraulic. Hydraulic cements are not water-soluble and able to harden even underwater due to hydration, chemical reactions that occur independently of the mixture’s water content, for example: Portland cement, which is the most widely, consumed cement variety across the world. While non-hydraulic cements must be kept dry in order to retain their strength, for example: Gypsum plaster.
The production of cement is rapidly increasing in the world. It had increased by 50 percent in the last decade. The growth is seen due to strong development of cement industry in Asia.
In 2003, 1940 million tonnes of cement were produced around the world of which totaled 67% was from Asia.
Countries Rank:
The largest producers and consumers of cement across the globe are represented by China, India, United States, Japan and Russia, along with Spain, South Korea, Italy, Iran, Turkey, and Brazil.
China ranks first in the production of cement. It is constantly producing more cement than any other country in the world and represents the largest regional market for cement, while India represents second largest regional market.
China, India, Saudi Arabia, UAE, Turkey, Egypt, and Brazil are planning for significant capacity expansions in the upcoming years.
Cement Companies worldwide:
The main Global Cement Manufacturers are Lafarge (France), Holcim (Switzerland), Cemex (Mexico), HeidelbergCement (Germany) and Italcementi (Italy), which represent the five leading manufacturers of cement.
The International Cement Manufacturers are Buzzi Unicem (Italy), Cimpor (Portugal), CRH (Ireland), Votorantim Cimentos (Brazil), Sumitomo Osaka Cement (Japan), Taiheiyo Cement (Japan), and Anhui Conch (China).
The leading Regional Market Producers comprise of Anhui Conch, China Shanshui, China National Building Material, and Tangshan Jidong in China; and ACC, Ambuja Cement, Grasim, UltraTech, and India Cements in India.
Growth Rate:
Demand for Cement in Million Tons 2005 2010 Growth rate
North America 170 200 2.9%
Western Europe 208 236 2.2%
Asia/Pacific 1500 1900 5.2%
Other Regions 405 500 4.7%
WORLD Cement Demand 2283 2836 4.7%
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